ScienceDirect Publication: European Neuropsychopharmacology
ScienceDirect RSS

Chronic all-trans retinoic acid administration induced hyperactivity of HPA a...
25 Jul 2010 at 1:56pm
Publication year: 2010
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 24 July 2010
Li, Cai , Xue-Bo, Yan , Xiao-Ning, Chen , Qing-Yuan, Meng , Jiang-Ning, Zhou
Although clinical reports suggest a possible relationship between excess retinoids and the development of depression, the effect of retinoids on mood-related behavior remains controversial. Hyperactivity of the hypothalamus?pituitary?adrenal (HPA) axis plays a key role in the development of affective disorders. The present study aimed to elucidate the effect of retinoid on the activity of HPA axis in rat and whether this goes together with behavioral changes. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) was administered to juvenile male rats by daily intraperitoneal injection for 6weeks. ATRA treatment increased basal serum corticosterone concentration as well as the thickness of adrenal cortex in young rat....
Mapping of CBV changes in 5-HT1A terminal fields by functional MRI in the mou...
24 Jul 2010 at 2:05pm
Publication year: 2010
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 24 July 2010
Thomas, Mueggler , Florence, Razoux , Holger, Russig , Anna, Buehler , Tamara B., Franklin , ...
Visualization of brain activity in humans and animals using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is an established method for translational neuropsychopharmacology. It is useful to study the activity of defined brain structures, however it requires further refinement to allow more specific cellular analyses, like for instance, the activity of selected pools of brain cells. Here, we investigated brain activity in serotonergic pathways in the adult mouse brain by using acute pharmacological challenge of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 1A receptors. We show that administration of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT prompts a dose-dependent reduction in local cerebral blood volume (CBV) in brain areas...
Brain responses to chronic social defeat stress: Effects on regional oxidativ...
24 Jul 2010 at 2:05pm
Publication year: 2010
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 24 July 2010
Margus, Kanarik , Aet, Alttoa , Denis, Matrov , Kadri, Kõiv , Trevor, Sharp , ...
Chronic social defeat stress, a depression model in rats, reduced struggling in the forced swimming test dependent on a hedonic trait-stressed rats with high sucrose intake struggled less. Social defeat reduced brain regional energy metabolism, and this effect was also more pronounced in rats with high sucrose intake. A number of changes in gene expression were identified after social defeat stress, most notably the down-regulation of Gsk3b and Map1b. The majority of differences were between stress-susceptible and resilient rats. Conclusively, correlates of inter-individual differences in stress resilience can be identified both at gene expression and oxidative metabolism levels.
Metoclopramide as pharmacological tool to assess vasopressinergic co-activati...
24 Jul 2010 at 2:05pm
Publication year: 2010
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 23 July 2010
G.E., Jacobs , E.G.J., Hulskotte , M.L., de Kam , G., Zha , J., Jiang , ...
The synthetic vasopressin (AVP) analogue desmopressin (dDAVP) has been used as pharmacological function test to quantify vasopressinergic co-activation of the hypothalamus?pituitary?adrenal (HPA) axis in the past. Such exogenous vasopressinergic stimulation may induce confounding cardiovascular, pro-coagulatory and anti-diuretic effects and low endogenous corticotrophin-releasing-hormone (CRH) levels may limit its potential to reliably assess co-activation. Alternatively, the dopamine-2-(D2)-antagonist metoclopramide is believed to induce co-activation indirectly by releasing endogenous AVP. We investigated this indirect co-activation with metoclopramide under conditions of low and enhanced endogenous CRH release in healthy volunteers. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, four-way crossover study was performed in 12 healthy males. CRH release...
Periadolescent exposure to cannabinoids alters the striatal and hippocampal d...
24 Jul 2010 at 2:05pm
Publication year: 2010
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 23 July 2010
Alejandro, Higuera-Matas , Fanny, Botreau , Nuria, Del Olmo , Miguel, Miguéns , Óscar, Olías , ...
In a previous work, we have shown that chronic administration of the cannabinoid agonist CP 55,940 (CP) during periadolescence increases cocaine self-administration in adult female rats, while it produces no such effect in males (Higuera-Matas et al., 2008). To extend these findings, we have analysed here the brains of the rats used as subjects in this previous work to evaluate the impact of the interaction between CP exposure and cocaine self-administration on dopaminergic parameters. We evaluated the levels of the dopamine transporter (DAT), and the D1- (D1R) and D2-type (D2R) dopaminergic receptors, as well as tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA in...
A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of N-acetyl cysteine plus naltrexone...
23 Jul 2010 at 2:04pm
Publication year: 2010
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 22 July 2010
Jon E., Grant , Brian L., Odlaug , Suck Won, Kim
Reducing both glutamatergic and dopaminergic drive in the nucleus accumbens may offer complementary mechanisms by which to reduce drug cravings. This 8-week study sought to examine the efficacy of a combination of a glutamate modulator, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), plus the opioid antagonist, naltrexone, compared to placebo in the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. Thirty-one subjects with methamphetamine dependence (mean age 36.8±7.12years; 29% female) were randomly assigned in a 1:1 fashion to NAC plus naltrexone or placebo and returned for one post-baseline visit. The Penn Craving Scale was the primary outcome measure. Self-report methamphetamine use frequency and urine toxicology were secondary measures....
Modulation of sensorimotor gating in prepulse inhibition by conditional brain...
19 Jul 2010 at 2:13pm
Publication year: 2010
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 19 July 2010
Philipp, Singer , Detlev, Boison , Hanns, Möhler , Joram, Feldon , Benjamin K., Yee
Inhibition of glycine transporter 1 (GlyT1) augments N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-mediated transmission and represents a potential antipsychotic drug target according to the NMDAR hypofunction hypothesis of schizophrenia. Preclinical evaluation of GlyT1 inhibiting drugs using the prepulse inhibition (PPI) test, however, has yielded mixed outcomes. Here, we tested for the first time the impact of two conditional knockouts of GlyT1 on PPI expression. Complete deletion of GlyT1 in the cerebral cortices confers resistance to PPI disruption induced by the NMDAR blocker MK-801 (0.2mg/kg, i.p.) without affecting PPI expression in unchallenged conditions. In contrast, restricting GlyT1 deletion to neurons in forebrain including the...
The HTR1A and HTR1B receptor genes influence stress-related information proce...
19 Jul 2010 at 2:13pm
Publication year: 2010
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 17 July 2010
Krisztina, Mekli , Antony, Payton , Fabio, Miyajima , Hazel, Platt , Emma, Thomas , ...
The serotonergic system has been widely implicated in stress related psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety. We investigated the possible association between depression and anxiety scores and SNPs within the HTR1A and HTR1B genes in a population sample (n=1387). There was no direct SNP-phenotype association, but in interaction with recent stressful life events rs6295 G, rs878567 T alleles and rs6296 C alleles were associated with significantly higher symptom scores. A subset of control subjects (n=101) took part in a computerised face emotion processing task. Healthy rs6295 GG carriers did not show an affective bias to perceive more negative emotions...
Activation of ?7 nicotinic receptors improves phencyclidine-induced deficits ...
13 Jul 2010 at 2:24pm
Publication year: 2010
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 13 July 2010
Samantha L., McLean , Ben, Grayson , Nagi F., Idris , Anne S., Lesage , Darrel J., Pemberton , ...
 Rationale: Nicotinic ?7 acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have been highlighted as a target for cognitive enhancement in schizophrenia. Aim: To investigate whether the deficits induced by sub-chronic phencyclidine (PCP) in reversal learning and novel object recognition could be attenuated by the selective ?7 nAChR full agonist, PNU-282987. Methods: Adult female hooded-Lister rats received sub-chronic PCP (2mg/kg) or vehicle i.p. twice daily for 7days, followed by 7 days washout. In cohort 1, PCP-treated rats then received PNU-282987 (5, 10, 20mg/kg; s.c.) or vehicle and were tested in the reversal-learning task. In cohort 2, PCP-treated rats received PNU-282987 (10mg/kg; s.c.) or saline for 15days and were tested in...
The economic impact of depression: Resistance or severity?
11 Jul 2010 at 2:09pm
Publication year: 2010
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 10 July 2010
L., Fostick , A., Silberman , M., Beckman , B., Spivak , D., Amital
Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) affects 60 to 70% of patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The economic impact of depression in general, and of TRD specifically, was found to be relatively high. As the course of depression can be defined both by the severity of the disease and by the resistance to treatment, the question of the unique contribution of MDD severity vs. resistance to the economic burden of depression is being raised. One hundred and seven unipolar MDD patients, all treated for at least 4weeks, were enrolled in the study. Patients were assessed for their current MDD severity using the...
The EU paediatric regulationEffects on paediatric psychopharmacology in Europe
11 Jul 2010 at 2:09pm
Publication year: 2010
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 10 July 2010
Violeta V., Stoyanova-Beninska , Tamar, Wohlfarth , Maria, Isaac , Luuk J., Kalverdijk , Henk, van den Berg , ...
Child and adolescent psychiatry is a relatively young field and the recognition, classification, and treatment of disorders in children and adolescents lag behind those in adults. In recent years there is an increasing awareness of the differences between children and adults in psychopathology and pharmacology. Related to this new paediatric regulations have been introduced. This article reviews the regulatory and legislative measures that were adopted in the EU in 2007 and the subsequent impact of these measures on the field of paediatric psychopharmacology.The consequences of the paediatric regulation in the EU are reflected in several domains: regulatory, research aimed at...
Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic or entopeduncular nucleus attenuate...
11 Jul 2010 at 2:09pm
Publication year: 2010
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 10 July 2010
Meaghan, Creed , Clement, Hamani , José N., Nobrega
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has recently emerged as a potential intervention for treatment-resistant tardive dyskinesia (TD). Despite promising case reports, no consensus exists as yet regarding optimal stimulation parameters or neuroanatomical target for DBS in TD. Here we report the use of DBS in an animal model of TD. We applied DBS (100?A) acutely to the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) or subthalamic nucleus (STN) in rats with well established vacuous chewing movements (VCMs) induced by 12weeks of haloperidol (HAL) treatment. Stimulation of the STN or EPN resulted in significant reductions in VCM counts at frequencies of 30, 60 or 130Hz. In...
Acute and chronic suppression of the central ghrelin signaling system reveals...
9 Jul 2010 at 2:10pm
Publication year: 2010
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 9 July 2010
Linda A.W., Verhagen , Emil, Egecioglu , Mieneke C.M., Luijendijk , Jacquelien J.G., Hillebrand , Roger A.H., Adan , ...
Using the rodent activity-based anorexia (ABA) model that mimics clinical features of anorexia nervosa that include food restriction-induced hyperlocomotion, we found that plasma ghrelin levels are highly associated with food anticipatory behaviour, measured by running wheel activity in rats. Furthermore, we showed that ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1A) knockout mice do not anticipate food when exposed to the ABA model, unlike their wild type littermate controls. Likewise, food anticipatory activity in the ABA model was suppressed by a GHS-R1A antagonist administered either by acute central (ICV) injection to rats or by chronic peripheral treatment to mice. Interestingly, the GHS-R1A antagonist did not...
Searching for functional SNPs or rare variants in exonic regions of DRD3 in r...
8 Jul 2010 at 2:09pm
Publication year: 2010
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 8 July 2010
Patricia, Gassó , Sergi, Mas , Cristina, Oliveira , Miquel, Bioque , Eduard, Parellada , ...
Previously one intronic DRD3 SNP, rs167771, was associated with risperidone-induced extrapyramidal side-effects (EPS). The aim of the present study was to search hitherto unidentified common functional variants or rare variants, in DRD3 associated with risperidone-induced EPS. 126 subjects treated with risperidone participated in this study. We sequenced the seven exons of DRD3. After sequencing we localized five dbSNPs and four new rare variants. None of the dSNPs or rare variants seems to be functional after bioinformatics analysis. Our results suggest that, rather than exonic regions, regulatory regions and introns could be related to the associations reported for DRD3 and the...
First episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder with panic disorder: Gray ...
6 Jul 2010 at 2:11pm
Publication year: 2010
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 5 July 2010
Chien-Han, Lai , Yuan-Yu, Hsu , Yu-Te, Wu
This study was designed to investigate the structural differences in the brains of first episode, drug-naïve patients with major depressive disorder and panic disorder versus healthy control subjects. High-resolution brain magnetic resonance images were performed on patients and health control subjects (age, sex and handedness matched). Structural magnetic resonance images of brain were estimated by optimized voxel-based morphometry of FSL (FMRIB Software Library). Patients had deficits of gray matter volumes over right anterior cingulate cortex, right medial frontal gyrus, left posterior cingulate cortex, right parahippocampal gyrus, limbic areas, occipital lingual gyrus and bilateral cerebellums when compared to controls. These results...

Presented by MedRat®

MedRat BioArchives MedRat News Home e-Journals Home MedRat Feedback Download e-Journals Links Disclaimer / Copyrights